Mukkam: Following the devastating floods of 2018, a significant increase in microplastic contamination in the sea water along the Kerala coast has been discovered in a collaborative study conducted by researchers from the Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and National Institute of Technology, Kozhikode.

The study revealed that the presence of microplastics along the Kerala coast has surged sevenfold since the floods. Researchers examined surface seawater at six locations, including Kozhikode, Ponnani, Chavakkad, Kochi, Alappuzha, and Kollam. Microplastic pollution was predominantly observed in sea water off the coasts of Kochi, Kozhikode, and Kollam.

The primary culprits identified were polyethylene and polypropylene, mainly originating from the decomposition of materials such as plastic bags, bottles, fishing ropes, and nets. The report highlighted that the influx of plastic materials through floodwaters or direct disposal into the ocean can contribute to elevated microplastic levels. Furthermore, it is suggested that overflowing rivers might have transported plastics and other debris from land to the sea.

The study also confirmed the presence of various polymers, including alkyd, polyacrylamide, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, and rayon. 

Indices such as PHI (Plastic Hazard Index) and PERI (Plastic Ecological Risk Index), calculated to assess the ecological risk in the region, recorded significantly high hazard levels ranging from two to five.

The study findings have been published in the latest edition of the scientific journal Marine Pollution Bulletin. The research team consisted of Dr. K Ranjeet and Dr VG Nikhil from Fisheries University, and Dr George K Varghese from NIT Kozhikode.

Microplastics, tiny plastic particles measuring less than five millimetres, pose a serious threat to marine life. Experts warn that the breakdown of larger plastic items into microplastics can have adverse effects on fish and other marine organisms.