Rising prices of two of Kerala's most-consumed protein sources, sardines (mathi) and chicken, are putting fresh pressure on household budgets, with retail rates climbing sharply across markets across the state.

Sardine prices have touched Rs 400 per kilogram in some places, while dressed chicken is selling for around Rs 280 per kilogram. Live chicken prices have also increased to between Rs 180 and Rs 190 per kilogram, making everyday cooking more expensive for families.

The sharp increase in sardine prices is largely linked to reduced stocks following the annual trawling ban, coupled with changing weather conditions and lower-than-expected fish availability.

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Fish markets and harbours have reported a noticeable decline in sardine arrivals in recent days. In many locations, supplies are insufficient to meet consumer demand, forcing buyers to pay considerably more for the limited stock reaching retail markets.

Interestingly, traders say larger sardines have begun appearing again after several years. While the market had mostly seen smaller fish measuring around 10 to 12 centimetres, recent catches include sardines reaching nearly 18 centimetres in length. Although this is being viewed as a positive sign for fish stocks, the quantities remain too low to influence retail prices.

Marine experts attribute the shortage to multiple factors, including rising sea temperatures, climate change and shifting migration patterns of fish shoals. These environmental changes have affected sardine availability along the Kerala coast, even after fishing activity resumed following the trawling ban.

Industry workers also warn that the situation could worsen in the coming months if catches do not improve. Sardines remain among Kerala's most widely consumed marine fish, and prices of several other fish varieties have also remained elevated.

The increase in fish prices has pushed many consumers towards chicken as an alternative protein source, but poultry prices have also climbed steadily.

According to industry sources, the rise is being driven by higher poultry feed costs and increased prices of day-old chicks. Feed prices have reportedly increased by around Rs 450 over the past month, raising production costs for poultry farmers.

While farmers currently receive around Rs 165 per bird, the retail price of live chicken has moved close to Rs 190 per kilogram, with dressed chicken selling for around Rs 280 per kilogram. The price of chicks has also risen to nearly Rs 40 each, while lower production at poultry farms has reduced overall supply, further supporting higher market prices.