Remembering MGR: From cinema icon to political pioneer, a legacy that lives on

Maruthur Gopalan Ramachandran, better known as MGR, was a man of resilience who overcame numerous crises and challenges during his childhood and adolescence. It is his determination to face these hurdles that shaped him into the legendary MGR of Tamil cinema.

His tireless efforts made him a beloved figure, first in the film industry and later in politics, where he earned the title of ‘Puratchi Thalaivar’ (Revolutionary Leader).

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A star in cinema and politics

MGR’s political journey began with his close association with DMK founder Annadurai. His rise was swift, and it wasn’t long before he became a prominent face of the party. In 1962, he was nominated to the Legislative Council, and by 1967, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly with a landslide majority. After Annadurai’s passing in 1969, MGR assumed the position of party treasurer under M. Karunanidhi.

In 1972, tensions within the DMK began to grow. Karunanidhi’s attempts to make his son, MK Muthu, his political successor sparked outrage in MGR. He organised public protests against corruption within the party, demanding transparency in the financial dealings of the DMK. This led to MGR’s expulsion from the party.

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The birth of AIADMK

In response to his expulsion, MGR founded the Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (ADMK) in 1972, which was later renamed All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK). Over the next few years, MGR worked tirelessly to popularise his party and promote its policies through films like 'Netru Indru Naalai' (1974) and 'Idhayakkani' (1975).

In 1977, the AIADMK, under MGR’s leadership, won a landslide victory in Tamil Nadu. At that time, the party had an alliance with Congress.

However, differences between the AIADMK and Congress arose in 1980, with Congress urging the President to dismiss MGR’s government. Despite this, the AIADMK returned to power with an even stronger mandate in the 1980 elections. Under MGR's leadership, the party launched several welfare schemes, most notably the mid-day meal programme in schools, which would go on to become one of his most revolutionary legacies.

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A legacy of welfare

The mid-day meal scheme, launched in 1982, aimed to provide nutritious meals to children who were either forced to work or had little to eat. This initiative was groundbreaking and helped boost school attendance, combat malnutrition, and make education more accessible.

The scheme initially faced resistance from officials concerned about financial implications. However, MGR silenced critics by asking a poignant question, “Have any of you ever experienced hunger or starvation?” The project’s success surprised even its initial detractors, reducing infant mortality and ensuring that children had a reason to attend school.

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Health struggles and the end of an era

Despite his achievements, MGR’s health began to deteriorate. In 1984, while receiving treatment for kidney disease in the United States, he underwent a transplant. Remarkably, MGR contested the elections from his hospital bed, with Jayalalithaa spearheading the AIADMK’s campaign. The party secured another sweeping victory.

MGR returned to Tamil Nadu but remained unwell. On 24 December 1987, he passed away, leaving behind an indelible legacy. His death sparked an outpouring of grief, with lakhs of mourners paying their respects as his body was taken to Marina Beach for burial. It’s estimated that over one million people attended his funeral procession.

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Even 37 years after his passing, MGR remains a revered figure in Tamil Nadu. His contributions to both cinema and politics continue to be remembered by the people.

His memorial at Marina Beach and his residence in T Nagar attract hundreds of visitors each year, keeping his legacy alive. MGR’s name will forever be synonymous with the golden era of Tamil cinema and his transformative political leadership.