Washington: A resurgence of avian flu, which first struck the United States in 2022, is devastating chicken farms, leading to egg shortages and a sharp rise in prices. Supermarkets across the country, particularly in Washington and Florida, are struggling to keep shelves stocked, while consumers are grappling with the increasing cost of this essential grocery item.

Avian flu’s impact on egg supply

The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), commonly known as bird flu, has led to the mass culling of egg-laying hens, severely disrupting supply. According to the US Agriculture Department, more than 21 million hens have been euthanised this year, with significant losses in Ohio, North Carolina, and Missouri. Additionally, another 13.2 million birds were culled in December, worsening the crisis.

Impact of soaring prices

With fewer hens to produce eggs, the shortage has triggered a steep rise in prices. Jada Thompson, a poultry specialist at the University of Arkansas, explained the impact: “If there's no birds to lay eggs... then we have a supply shortage, and that leads to higher prices because of supply and demand dynamics.”

The Agriculture Department has also noted that some grocers are maintaining record-high prices to curb demand. Official data shows the average cost of a dozen Grade A eggs soared by 65% in December compared to the previous year, jumping from $2.50 to $4.15.

Shoppers across the country are feeling the pinch. In Washington, supermarket shelves are often empty, and some stores have imposed limits on the number of cartons customers can purchase. Miami resident Blanche De Jesus expressed frustration: “Eggs are important (and) so nutritious, but you can hardly buy them because they are so expensive. It is a shame.”

Students and low-income shoppers are particularly affected. “They're getting expensive,” said 26-year-old Samantha Lopez in Washington. “It’s kind of difficult... My budget for food is already very tight.”

The crisis has not only affected households but also businesses reliant on eggs. Waffle House, a popular restaurant chain known for its all-day breakfast menu, made headlines after implementing an extra 50-cent charge per egg. “The continuing egg shortage caused by HPAI has caused a dramatic increase in egg prices,” Waffle House said in a statement to CNN, adding that both customers and restaurants are being forced to make difficult decisions.

Spread of the virus beyond poultry

The avian flu outbreak is not limited to poultry. The virus has also been detected in dairy cows, raising further concerns about its spread. Since the beginning of last year, 67 human cases have been reported in the US, nearly all of them mild and linked to contact with infected animals.

America’s high egg consumption

Americans are among the world's biggest egg consumers, particularly at breakfast. According to the United Egg Producers, the average American eats 277 eggs per year, making the current price surge even more impactful on household budgets.

(With inputs from AFP)