Researchers in Japan are exploring whether anime-inspired counselling could help young people struggling with depression and mental health challenges, using animated avatars to make therapy feel more approachable and less intimidating.

The experimental project, led by psychiatrist Francesco Panto at Yokohama City University, recently completed a six-month pilot study involving 20 participants aged between 18 and 29 who showed symptoms of depression.

How does the trial work?

As part of the trial, participants received online counselling sessions from psychologists who appeared on screen as anime-style avatars with digitally altered voices. The approach was designed to create a “filter of fantasy” that researchers believe could help people feel more comfortable discussing emotional difficulties.

Six original anime-inspired characters were developed specifically for the study, each based on familiar archetypes from Japanese manga culture. Participants were free to choose the character they connected with most.

The avatars ranged from a calm, maternal-style figure carrying an assault rifle to a cape-wearing “prince-like” male character known for emotional sensitivity. Each character was also written with subtle psychological struggles, including bipolar traits, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder and alcohol-related issues.

Panto said the goal was not to make the sessions overtly clinical, but instead to create engaging and relatable characters capable of encouraging self-reflection.

One participant, a 24-year-old game developer and anime fan, said they were drawn to a character described as “searching for true strength”, adding that it resonated with their own personal struggles.

The first phase of the study monitored participants’ sleep and heart rates to assess whether anime-based therapy could reduce symptoms of depression and improve emotional wellbeing.

Researchers are also examining whether future versions of the therapy could eventually be delivered through artificial intelligence rather than live psychologists.

The project forms part of broader efforts in Japan to tackle growing mental health concerns, including “ikizurasa” — a term used to describe people who feel it is difficult to survive or function within society.

Assistant professor Mio Ishii, who is involved in the study, said many young people in Japan continue to avoid seeking psychological help because of social stigma. She believes anime and digital technology could lower those barriers and encourage more people to access support.

According to figures cited by the World Economic Forum, only six per cent of people in Japan had used psychological counselling services for mental health issues as of 2022, significantly lower than rates seen in Europe and the United States.

Mental health specialists outside the project have also expressed interest in the approach. Jesus Maya, a family therapy expert at the University of Seville, said anime could help patients express emotions more openly and strengthen communication between therapist and patient.

For some participants, anime already plays a deeply emotional role. One participant said anime had given them “the will to live” by showing characters pursuing their dreams despite adversity.