See the moon like never before: First supermoon of 2025 rises tonight

Skywatchers across India will have a celestial treat on October 6, as the first supermoon of 2025 lights up the night sky.

A supermoon occurs when a full moon coincides with the moon’s closest approach to Earth, a point in its orbit known as perigee. This makes the moon appear up to 14 per cent larger and 30 per cent brighter than the faintest full moon of the year, creating a stunning natural spectacle visible without the aid of telescopes or binoculars.

According to NASA, October’s supermoon is the first of three this year, with the next two expected in November and December. On Monday night, the moon will pass approximately 224,600 miles (361,459 kilometres) from Earth—slightly closer than the average lunar distance of about 238,900 miles (384,400 kilometres). The effect, while subtle to casual observers, can appear striking when the moon is near the horizon, appearing larger due to an optical illusion known as the “moon illusion.”

Indian astronomers weigh in

Derrick Pitts, chief astronomer at the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia, noted that supermoons are visually impressive but not uncommon. In India, leading astronomers also encourage enthusiasts to observe the moon over consecutive nights to appreciate its size difference. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) highlights that such celestial events offer excellent opportunities for public engagement in astronomy and skywatching across schools, planetariums, and amateur astronomy clubs.

Viewing tips for Indian skywatchers

Unlike other celestial phenomena, supermoons require no special equipment. Clear skies are the only essential condition. Observers are advised to find an open space away from city lights. Cities with minimal light pollution, such as Mount Abu, Udaipur, or the Himalayan hill stations, offer spectacular views, while urban areas like Delhi, Mumbai, and Bangalore may still provide enjoyable sightings. Photography enthusiasts often capture dramatic shots of the moon alongside monuments, temples, and natural landscapes, making it a perfect occasion for creative compositions.

Supermoon and lunar cycles explained

The October supermoon is one example of how the moon’s elliptical orbit affects its appearance. Its distance from Earth varies throughout the month, with perigee representing the closest point and apogee the farthest. A full moon at perigee produces a supermoon, while a full moon near apogee, called a “micromoon,” appears smaller and dimmer.

What’s next for Indian skywatchers?

India will also have opportunities to witness other lunar events in the coming months. In 2026, there will be two notable lunar eclipses: a total eclipse in March, visible across Asia including India, and a partial eclipse in August, viewable in parts of South Asia and Europe. Supermoons, along with eclipses, allow both casual observers and professional astronomers in India to enjoy and study the moon’s dynamic presence.

For families, photographers, and astronomy enthusiasts, October 6’s supermoon is a chance to witness the moon in its closest, brightest form of the year. Observers in India are advised to view the moon near the horizon during moonrise or moonset and compare it with familiar objects like buildings, trees, or temples to enhance the perception of its size.

Weather advisory

Visibility will depend on local weather conditions. Clear skies are expected in most parts of northern and central India, while coastal regions such as Mumbai or Chennai may experience cloud cover. Observers should check local forecasts for the best viewing times.