Lessons from the Valparai accident; Why brakes fail on slopes — and how you can prevent it

Thiruvananthapuram: A situation where brakes that were functioning properly suddenly fail — this is known as brake fading. It is a nightmare for drivers on hilly roads. Caused by excessive use, the brake liner overheats, leading to loss of braking efficiency. The only way to avoid this danger is to minimise excessive braking.

Vehicles should descend in the same gear used for climbing uphill. When descending in second or third gear, engine resistance helps reduce speed, allowing control without heavy reliance on brakes. The clutch should be used only after reducing speed.

Driver unfamiliarity

Driving in hilly terrain is very different from city or highway driving conditions. Drivers accustomed to driving in top gear often follow the same pattern in hills, which can lead to accidents.

Between hairpin bends, there may be short straight stretches. Accelerating on these stretches and braking at each bend may work on relatively flat terrain with one or two curves. However, on roads with continuous hairpin bends, this reduces braking efficiency and increases accident risk.

The widely used mini bus model in the state has been particularly prone to brake fading issues. Following complaints, the company recently modified the braking system.

Vehicle modifications

Alterations that affect weight balance can also lead to accidents. This includes modifications such as installing air conditioning units in mini buses.

Things to watch out for

• Visibility is often low in hilly areas

• The severity of curves and descents may not be clear

• There may be no road shoulder to pull over in emergencies

• Fog can reduce visibility

• Do not overtake on curves

• Reduce speed as much as possible before entering bends; avoid sudden braking

• Defensive driving is essential

• Do not descend in neutral to save fuel

• Take rest if fatigued

• Give priority to vehicles climbing uphill

Also Read: Tragedy in Valparai: 9 Keralites dead as traveller plunges into gorge; 4 critically injured 

Stay alert

“In steep descents and sharp curves, vehicles should be driven in lower gears using engine braking. Continuous use of brakes in heavy vehicles increases the risk of brake fading. Vehicles with a high centre of gravity and heavy load are more prone to such risks.”

— K.G. Dileep Kumar

(Deputy Director, SCMS Institute for Road Safety and Transportation)